How a Y chromosome gene may shape the course of heart valve disease

Researchers have shed new light on how a type of heart valve disease -- aortic valve stenosis -- progresses differently in males and females.

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AI-powered mammograms: A new window into heart health

Mammograms, with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) models, may reveal much more than cancer, according to a new study. The findings highlight how these important cancer screening tools can also be used to assess the amount of calcium buildup in the arteries within breast tissue -- an indicator of cardiovascular health.

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Vaccine may improve breast cancer treatment outcomes

Researchers have discovered a promising new vaccine strategy for treating a specific type of breast cancer. The innovative approach targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, estrogen receptor-negative (HER2-positive, ER-negative) breast cancer and has shown encouraging results in a recent pilot study. The study combined the HER2-targeting dendritic cell vaccines with standard chemotherapy, demonstrating both safety and positive response rates.

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Vaccine may improve breast cancer treatment outcomes

Researchers have discovered a promising new vaccine strategy for treating a specific type of breast cancer. The innovative approach targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, estrogen receptor-negative (HER2-positive, ER-negative) breast cancer and has shown encouraging results in a recent pilot study. The study combined the HER2-targeting dendritic cell vaccines with standard chemotherapy, demonstrating both safety and positive response rates.

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Slow, silent 'scream' of epithelial cells detected for first time

It has long been thought that only nerve and heart cells use electric impulses to communicate, while epithelial cells -- which compose the linings of our skin, organs and body cavities -- are mute, serving mostly as protective barriers that can absorb and secrete various substances. But researchers have now upended the status quo by showing that epithelial cells do indeed 'talk' to each other, albeit with slow electrical signals.

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Oxytocin system of breastfeeding affected in mothers with postnatal depression

The oxytocin system -- which helps release breast milk and strengthens the bond between mother and baby -- may be affected during breastfeeding in mothers experiencing postnatal depression.

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New antibody reduces tumor growth in treatment-resistant breast and ovarian cancers

A new type of antibody which stimulates the immune system to target cancer cells slows tumour growth, according to new research.

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Nwd1 gene deletion triggers MASH-like pathology in mice

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a polygenic disorder influenced by multiple genes, but their specific roles in the progression of disease remain unknown. To address this gap, researchers conducted a series of experiments that identified the NACHT and WD repeat domain-containing protein 1 (Nwd1) gene and its role in liver pathogenesis. This breakthrough represents an important step toward establishing new therapeutic targets for MASH.

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Exercise and healthy eating behavior together provide the best protection against cardiovascular diseases

Researchers have found that women who exhibit disturbed eating behaviors and engage in low physical activity tend to have more central body fat and a higher risk of metabolic low-grade inflammation. This condition increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, which become more prevalent after menopause. However, the combined effect of exercise and healthy eating behavior offers the most effective protection against inflammation and may also reduce it after menopause.

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Diabetes drug could help cancer patients make better recovery

Research shows that a common type of diabetes medication could help cancer patients make a better long-term recovery. Many cancer patients go on to develop heart failure -- because of the cancer itself and also due to chemotherapy. But a study shows that a type of diabetes drug, called an SGLT2 inhibitor, may help protect the heart during and after cancer treatment. The medication has been shown to be beneficial in reducing heart failure or heart failure hospitalisation in cancer patients and survivors.

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Links between metabolism and aggressive breast cancer

More than 120 million Americans suffer from diabetes or pre-diabetes. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, and TNBC patients with obesity-driven diabetes often have worse outcomes. A new study helps explain why this happens and suggests a potential way to improve treatment for these patients.

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Breakthrough cardiac regeneration research offers hope for the treatment of ischemic heart failure

The discovery of a novel approach to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation offers new hope for the treatment of ischemic heart failure.

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Breakthrough cardiac regeneration research offers hope for the treatment of ischemic heart failure

The discovery of a novel approach to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation offers new hope for the treatment of ischemic heart failure.

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Scientists upends scientific understanding of how anticancer drugs kill cancer

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes play a crucial role in repairing damaged DNA. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 substantially increase the likelihood of breast and ovarian cancer, respectively. This new research illustrates how small breaks in one strand of DNA can expand into a large single-stranded DNA gap that kills drug-resistant breast BRCA mutant cancer cells. The novel vulnerability in mutant BRCA1 and BRCA2 may be a potential target for new therapeutics.

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Future drugs may snap supply chain fueling breast cancer

Cancer cells have an insatiable appetite for energy as they multiply more rapidly than normal cells. Greedy cancer cells hijack various cellular functions to find and exploit energy and other resources, including a group of enzymes that help normal cells maintain a balance of energy. These enzymes, called creatine kinases (CK), allow cells to transport energy produced at the mitochondria to where it is needed throughout the cell. Studies of breast cancer cells have highlighted the importance of a type of CK called ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase (uMtCK).

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Study establishes 'ball and chain' mechanism inactivates key mammalian ion channel

A new study has unveiled a precise picture of how an ion channel found in most mammalian cells regulates its own function with a 'ball-and-chain' channel-plugging mechanism. The findings boost the understanding of ion channel biology and could lead to new drugs that target these channels to treat disorders such as epilepsy and hypertension.

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Researchers unravel menopause timing, shedding light on ovarian aging and fertility

The research team has developed a theoretical framework that quantitatively predicts menopause timing. By analyzing how ovarian follicles transition through different stages, the researchers' model explains why menopause occurs and sheds light on individual variability and cross-population differences. These insights could improve fertility planning, inform health care decisions related to hormonal therapies and enhance our understanding of age-related health risks associated with ovarian aging.

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