Cervical cancer deaths in young women plummet after introduction of HPV vaccine

Researchers found a reduction in cervical cancer mortality in women under the age of 25, which is likely due to the introduction of the HPV vaccine.

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Scientists find why tamoxifen works better for some people

Tamoxifen is a common and important treatment to prevent breast cancer from recurring. A new study shows that variation in a patient's gut microbiome can impact how effective the treatment is.

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Short-term menopausal hormone therapy has no long-term cognitive impact, study finds

Short-term menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) did not have long-term cognitive effects when given to women in early postmenopause, according to a new study.

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Cancer-like mutations in healthy cells point to origins of breast cancer

Researchers have pinpointed what could be the early genetic origins of breast cancer -- cancer-like mutations appearing in the cells of healthy women. In a new study, the international collaborators analyzed the genomes of more than 48,000 individual breast cells from women without cancer, using novel techniques for decoding the genes of single cells. While the vast majority of cells appeared normal, nearly all of the women harbored a small number of breast cells -- about 3 per cent -- that carried genetic alterations commonly associated with cancer. The findings suggest that these rare genetic anomalies may represent some of the earliest steps in a series of events that could culminate in breast cancer development.

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Healthy women have cells that resemble breast cancer

A new study finds that, in healthy women, some breast cells that otherwise appear normal may contain chromosome abnormalities typically associated with invasive breast cancer. The findings question conventional thinking on the genetic origins of breast cancer, which could influence early cancer detection methods. The study discovered that at least 3% of normal cells from breast tissue in 49 healthy women contain a gain or loss of chromosomes, a condition known as aneuploidy, and that they expand and accumulate with age.

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A new discovery about pain signaling may contribute to better treatment of chronic pain

When pain signals are passed along the nervous system, proteins called calcium channels play a key role. Researchers have now pinpointed the exact location of a specific calcium channel fine-tuning the strength of pain signals. This knowledge can be used to develop drugs for chronic pain that are more effective and have fewer side effects.

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Synthetic cells emulate natural cellular communication

A research team has succeeded in synthesizing simple, environmentally sensitive cells complete with artificial organelles. For the first time, the researchers have also been able to emulate natural cell-cell communication using these proto-cells -- based on the model of photoreceptors in the eye. This opens up new possibilities for basic research and applications in medicine.

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Super microscope shows nanoscale biological process for the first time

A new microscope is capable of live imaging of biological processes in such detail that moving protein complexes are visible.

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Vitamin D during pregnancy boosts children's bone health even at age seven

Children whose mothers took extra vitamin D during pregnancy continue to have stronger bones at age seven, according to research.

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Scientists discover key to preventing neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and related disorders

A team of researchers has uncovered a groundbreaking mechanism in the formation of harmful protein aggregates that lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's Disease. The team, led by Professor Norifumi Shioda and Associate Professor Yasushi Yabuki, identified for the first time that unique RNA structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s) play a central role in promoting the aggregation of alpha-synuclein, a protein associated with neurodegeneration. By demonstrating that inhibiting G4 assembly could potentially prevent the onset of synucleinopathies, this discovery positions G4 as a promising target for early intervention in these diseases.

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Breast cancer: the diversity of metastases

A comprehensive analysis of breast cancer metastases compares various methods and affords new insights into the biology of tumors.

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Breast cancer: the diversity of metastases

A comprehensive analysis of breast cancer metastases compares various methods and affords new insights into the biology of tumors.

from Breast Cancer News -- ScienceDaily https://ift.tt/LVBcu5m